Role of Footing Embedment on Tunnel–Foundation Interaction

This technical note investigates the effect of footing embedment depth on tunnel–structure interaction using geotechnical centrifuge testing. A 2-story framed building separate footings, either resting directly surface or embedded in soil, and subjected to tunneling-induced displacements is modeled. Measurements footings underlying ground deformations, structural distortions are presented. Results show that increases foundation differential settlements horizontal displacements, thereby causing a greater level distortion within frame. Furthermore, result larger magnitude shear strains soil. Finally, modification factors relative stiffness parameters presented, indicating deformations than angular bays.